PWM average voltage calculator

Calculate mean voltage and RMS voltage with your own figures.

Your numbers

Use the units shown. Results update as you change valid inputs.

Use mean voltage and RMS voltage to compare changes to your inputs. The method and limits below explain the scope.

Examples

Examples

Try the starting example

Supply voltage (V)
12
Duty cycle (%)
25
Mean voltage (V)
3
RMS voltage (V)
6

Try another scenario

Supply voltage (V)
13.200000000000001
Duty cycle (%)
25
Mean voltage (V)
3.3
RMS voltage (V)
6.6
Calculation method

Calculation method

Mean voltage (V)

a × b ÷ 100

RMS voltage (V)

a × sqrt(b ÷ 100)

Symbols and units
a
Supply voltage (V)
b
Duty cycle (%)

Use the units shown. A list keeps the order in which you enter its values. The symbol ^ means “raised to the power of”.

Calculation steps and notation

sqrt(x) is the non-negative square root of x.

Assumptions & limits

Assumptions & limits

  • Rectangular waveform switching between zero and the stated supply; ideal switching is assumed.
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Further reading

Method reference ↗

Background reading; this does not imply endorsement or independent review of SumFizz.

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