Bus bunching headway variability calculator

Calculate mean headway and population headway coefficient of variation with your own figures.

Your numbers

Use the units shown. Results update as you change valid inputs.

Use mean headway and population headway coefficient of variation to compare changes to your inputs. The method and limits below explain the scope.

Examples

Examples

Try the starting example

Observed consecutive departure times (minutes)
0,10,20,40
Mean headway (minutes)
13.333333
Population headway coefficient of variation
0.353553
Estimated excess wait (minutes)
0.833333

Try another scenario

Observed consecutive departure times (minutes)
0,5,20,30
Mean headway (minutes)
10
Population headway coefficient of variation
0.408248
Estimated excess wait (minutes)
0.833333
Calculation method

Calculation method

Mean headway (minutes)

Mean successive departure difference.

Population headway coefficient of variation

Population standard deviation divided by mean headway.

Estimated excess wait (minutes)

Population headway variance/(2×mean headway). Assumes stationary renewal arrivals and random independent passengers.

Symbols and units
a
Observed consecutive departure times (minutes)

Use the units shown. A list keeps the order in which you enter its values. The symbol ^ means “raised to the power of”.

Assumptions & limits

Assumptions & limits

  • Sample headways; random independent passenger arrivals assumed for renewal waiting estimate. Supported limits: All numeric inputs and computed intermediates must remain finite. Supported numeric input magnitude is zero or 1e-12 through 1e12 in absolute value; reject values outside this bounded range. All lists/JSON record tables are limited to 100 records unless a stricter bound is stated; reject malformed record arity and wrong member types. At least 3 strictly increasing times; estimate excludes finite-window edge effects.
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